Closed-Loop vs. Open-Loop Communication

September 22,2025

In energy-storage systems, communication between the battery and the inverter is generally classified as either open-loop or closed-loop. The two approaches differ significantly in how deeply they exchange information, how quickly the system can react, and how much safety they provide. Understanding these differences helps you choose the most suitable mode for a given application.

I. Open-Loop Communication

Open-loop communication means the battery does not exchange data directly with the inverter. Instead, the inverter operates solely on fixed parameters—such as charge/discharge voltage, current, and battery type—entered by the user.

The inverter runs strictly according to preset values.

Battery status (SOC, temperature, voltage, etc.) is never fed back to the inverter.

Control strategy is “coarse,” making it suitable for generic lead-acid or early-generation LiFePO₄batteries.

Installation is simple, but battery protection is limited.

Advantages

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Disadvantages

High compatibility—works without a specific protocol
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Cannot monitor battery status in real time

Simple setup, ideal for basic user scenarios
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Higher risk of over-charge and over-discharge
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No support for fine-grained management
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II. Closed-Loop Communication

Closed-loop communication enables the battery and inverter to exchange real-time data—via protocols such as RS485 or CAN—so the inverter can dynamically adjust its operating strategy based on the battery’s current state. Under closed-loop control:

The battery continuously uploads SOC, voltage, current, temperature, alarms, and other parameters.

The inverter automatically modifies charge/discharge voltage and current in response to this feedback.

The entire system forms a closed control loop, providing rapid dynamic response and higher safety.

Requires the battery and inverter to use identical or compatible communication protocols and command sets.

Advantages

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Disadvantages

Safer: prevents over-charge, over-discharge, overheating, and other anomalies
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Requires strict protocol compatibility

More efficient: enables precise control of battery charge/discharge
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More complex setup—addresses, baud rates, IDs, etc. must be configured correctly

Supports auto-detection and intelligent O&M
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Typically supports only pre-approved (white-listed) inverter brands/models(Please refer to the instruction manual or contact customer support for assistance.)
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Main Article

Decoding the Multi-Dimensional Communication Capabilities of the ECO-WORTHY 48V100Ah Server Rack Battery

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Core Topic

The core theme of this article series is “Intelligent Battery Communication,” focusing on the communication functions and technologies of the 48V 100AH server rack battery and its related devices. It covers master-slave communication, upper computer communication, mobile APP communication, and inverter communication, aiming to help users understand and apply these technologies.

III. Summary Comparison

Ⅳ. Recommended Application Scenarios

Choose open-loop communication when using a generic inverter, working within a tight budget, or when system requirements are modest.

Opt for closed-loop communication when the system demands high safety, high efficiency, and deep integration—especially when paired with ECO-WORTHY-recommended inverter brands.

To check whether a specific inverter brand supports closed-loop compatibility, please refer to our articles “Which Brands Support Closed-Loop Communication?” and “How to Configure a Battery for Closed-Loop Communication with an Inverter”

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